Voeding en gezondheid

Onderzoeksvraag:
Verlaagt vitamine B12 de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker?

Studieopzet:
Dit overzichtsartikel bevatten 17 studies met in totaal 10601 mensen met dikke darmkanker.

Resultaten en conclusies:
De onderzoekers vonden dat elke verhoging met 4.5 microgram vitamine B12 per dag via voeding, de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker significant met 8.6% [RR = 0.914, 95% BI = 0.856-0.977] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers vonden dat elke verhoging met 4.5 microgram vitamine B12 per dag zowel via voeding als supplementen, de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker significant met 3.7% [RR = 0.963, 95% BI = 0.928- 0.999] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers vonden dat elke verhoging van de vitamine B12-bloedwaarde met 150 picomol/L, de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker niet significant met 2.3% [RR = 1.023, 95% BI 0.881-1.187] verhoogde.

De onderzoekers vonden dat het non-lineaire dosisafhankelijke verband tussen vitamine B12-bloedwaarde en het krijgen van dikke darmkanker niet signifant [p=0.219] was.

De onderzoekers concludeerden dat elke verhoging met 4.5 microgram vitamine B12 per dag, de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker verlaagde.

Oorspronkelijke titel:
A dose-response meta-analysis reveals an association between vitamin B12 and colorectal cancer risk by Sun NH, Huang XZ, [...], Wang ZN.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26373257

Extra informatie van El Mondo:
Vind hier meer studies over het beschermdende effect van vitamine B12 tegen dikke darmkanker.

Deze maaltijd levert minimaal 4.5 microgram vitamine B12 per dag.

Onderzoeksvraag:
Verlaagt het eten van vitamine C de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker?  

Studieopzet:
Dit overzichtsartikel bevatten 17 studies (13 patiënt-controle en 4 cohort studies) met 4827 mensen met alvleesklierkanker.

De p-waarde van de Egger’s test was 0.414.

Resultaten en conclusies:
De onderzoekers vonden dat het eten van veel vitamine C vergeleken met weinig, de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker significant met 29.5% [gepoolde RR = 0.705, 95% BI = 0.612-0.811, I2 = 42.3%] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers vonden in patënt-controle studies dat het eten van veel vitamine C vergeleken met weinig, de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker significant met 25.2% [gepoolde RR = 0.648, 95% BI = 0.553-0.760] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers vonden in cohort studies dat het eten van veel vitamine C vergeleken met weinig, de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker significant met 17.3% [gepoolde RR = 0.827, 95% BI = 0.651-0.994] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers vonden dat het eten van veel vitamine C vergeleken met weinig, de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker zowel onder blanken, aziaten en gemengde populatie significant verlaagde. 

De onderzoekers concludeerden dat het eten van veel vitamine C de kans op het krijgen van alvleesklierkanker verlaagde.

Oorspronkelijke titel:
Association between vitamin C intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies by Fan H, Kou J, […], Hea Q.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566085/

Extra informatie van El Mondo:
Vind hier meer studies over het beschermdende effect van vitamine C tegen kanker.

Lees hier meer over overzichtsartikel, patiënt-controle studies en Egger’s test.

Een voeding met veel vitamine C is een voeding met minimaal 100 mg vitamine C. Deze maaltijden bevatten minimaal 100 mg vitamine C.

Onderzoeksvraag:
Epidemiologische studies naar de relatie tussen de inname van n-3 PUFA en het risico op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker lieten inconsistente resultaten zien. Daarom werd dit overzichtsartikel uitgevoerd.

Verlaagt het eten van n-3 PUFA de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker?

Studieopzet:
Dit overzichtsartikel bevatte 14 prospectieve cohort studies met 8775 mensen met dikke darmkanker.

Resultaten en conclusies:
De onderzoekers vonden geen relatie tussen de inname van de totale n-3 PUFA of mariene n-3 PUFA en het risico op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker.

De onderzoekers vonden dat de inname van mariene n-3 PUFA lang voor de diagnose, de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker significant met 21% [RR = 0.79, 95% BI = 0.63-1.00] verlaagde.

De onderzoekers concludeerden dat het eten van n-3 PUFA de kans op het krijgen van dikke darmkanker niet verlaagde.

Oorspronkelijke titel:
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and risk of colorectal cancer: meta-analysis of prospective studies by Chen GC, Qin LQ, [...], Wang XH.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25416450

Extra informatie van El Mondo:
Vind hier meer studies over dikke darmkanker en n-3 PUFA. Mariene n-3 PUFA zit in algen en vis. In vette vissen zitten meer n-3 PUFA dan in niet vette vissen.

Research Question:
Eating cholesterol increases the chance of getting pancreatic cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 16 articles with 4513 pancreatic cancer patients.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that a high cholesterol intake significantly with the chance of getting alveesklierkanker 37.1% [RR = 1,383, 95% CI = 1.155-1,627, I2 = 58.2%] increased. 

The researchers found that a high cholesterol intake the chance of getting alveesklierkanker among Americans significantly with 30.2% [RR = 1.302, 95% CI = 1,175-1,568] increased. 

The researchers found that every 100 mg cholesterol per day, the chance of getting alveesklierkanker significantly with 8% [RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04-1.13] increased. 

The researchers concluded that 100 mg of cholesterol per day, the chance of getting pancreatic cancer, particularly among Americans increased.

Original title:
Association between cholesterol intake and pancreatic cancer risk: Evidence from a meta-analysis by Chen H, Qin S, [...], Zhang S.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25649888

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on cholesterol and cancer.

Research Question:
Lowers eating carotenoids the chance of getting head and neck cancer?   

Study Design:
This overview article contain 14 case-control studies and 1 prospective cohort studies.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that the ingest of many beta-carotene equivalents through feeding the chance of getting oral cancer significantly with 46% [OR = 0.54, 95% = 0.37-0.80] and the chance of getting Larynx Cancer significantly with 57% [OR = 0.43, 95% = 0.24-0.77] reduced.

The reduced risk was also found for eating lycopene, Alpha-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin.

The researchers concluded that eating a lot of carotenoids the chance of getting head and neck cancer may be reduced. Possible because the overview article only case-control studies and only 1 cohort study.

Original title:
Carotenoid Intake from Natural Sources and Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies by Leoncini E, N D, [...], Boccia S.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25873578

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on the beschermdende effect of carotenoids against cancer.

The results found in case-control studies are less reliable than cohort studies because in case-control studies are more sensitive to errors than cohort studies. In other words, the (lowering or increasing) effect found in case-control studies should always be confirmed in cohort studies before a comment can be made.

Research Question:
Eating fried products increases the chance of getting prostate cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contain 4 case-control studies with a total of 2572 prostate cancer patients and 2277 matched controls.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating a lot of fried products, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 35% [RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.17-1.57] increased.

The researchers concluded that eating a lot of fried products, the chance of getting prostate cancer may be increased. Possible because the overview article not only case-control studies and cohort studies.

Original title:
Fried food and prostate cancer risk: systematic review and meta-analysis by Lippi Mattiuzzi G and C.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114920

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read here more studies on prostate cancer.

The results found in case-control studies are less reliable than cohort studies because in case-control studies are more sensitive to errors than cohort studies. In other words, the (lowering or increasing) effect found in case-control studies should always be confirmed in cohort studies before a comment can be made.

 

Research Question:
The relationship between the intake of vitamin E and the risk of getting lung cancer is still contradictory. It was therefore carried out this review article.

Eating vitamin E lowers the chances of getting lung cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 10 prospective cohort studies and 1 case-control study with a total of 4434 lung cancer cases.

There was no question of publication bias.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in the 11 studies that eating a lot of vitamin E the chances of getting lung cancer significantly with 14.2% [RR = 0.858, 95% CI = 0.742-0.99, I2 = 47.3%, p = 0.041] reduced.

The researchers found that eating a lot of vitamin E the chances of getting lung cancer among Americans significantly with 13.8% [RR = 0.862, 95% CI = 0715-0.996] reduced.

The researchers found in 10 prospective cohort studies that eating a lot of vitamin E the chances of getting lung cancer significantly with 8.7% [RR = 0.913, 95% CI = 0.827-0.996] reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating a lot of vitamin E the chance of getting longerkanker, particularly among Americans reduced.

Original title:
Dietary vitamin E intake could reduce the risk of lung cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis by Chen G, Wang J, [...], Li Q.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4483938/

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read here more studies on vitamin E.
 

Research Question:
Eating vitamin C lowers the chances of getting prostate cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 18 studies (6 cohort and case-control studies 12) with a total of 103658 participants.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating a lot of vitamin C, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 11% [RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.83-0.94, p = 0.000, I2 = 39.4%, p = 0.045] reduced.

The researchers found in cohort studies that eating a lot of vitamin C, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 8% [RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.99, p = 0.215] reduced.

The researchers found in case-control studies that eating a lot of vitamin C, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 20% [RR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.71-0.89, p = 0.000] reduced.

The researchers found in cohort studies that eating 150 mg vitamin C per day, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 5% [RR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99, p = 0.039] reduced.

The researchers found in case-control studies that eating 150 mg vitamin C per day, the chance of getting prostate cancer significantly with 21% [RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.91, p = 0.001] reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating 150 mg of vitamin C per day, reduced the chance of getting prostate cancer.

Original title:
Association between Dietary Vitamin C Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis Involving 103,658 Subjects by Bai XY, Qu X, [...], Wu H.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532989/

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read here more studies on vitamin C and prostate cancer.

The results found in case-control studies are less reliable than cohort studies because in case-control studies are more sensitive to errors than cohort studies. In other words, the (lowering or increasing) effect found in case-control studies should always be confirmed in cohort studies.
 

Research Question:
Eating fruits and vegetables lowers the chances of getting bladder cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article 15 contained 12 cohort studies and case-control studies.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that eating lots of vegetables compared to little, the chances of getting bladder cancer significantly with 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.96] reduced.

The researchers found that eating a lot of fruit compared to little, the chances of getting bladder cancer significantly with 19% [RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.73-0.89] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 200 g of vegetables a day, the chances of getting bladder cancer significantly with 8% [RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.87-0.97] reduced.

The researchers found that eating 200 grams of fruit per day, the chances of getting bladder cancer significantly with 9% [RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.83-0.99] reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating 200 g of vegetables or 200 grams of fruit per day, the chances of getting bladder cancer reduced.

Original title:
Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of bladder cancer: an updated meta-analysis of observational studies by Liu H, Wang XC, [...], Xu YF.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25642791

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on the occurrence of cancer and the protective effect of fruits and vegetables.

These meals contain 200 grams 200 grams of vegetables and fruit.

Research Question:
Eating fish reduces the chances of getting liver cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 5 retrospective patient-control studies and 5 prospective cohort studies with a total of 3624 liver cancer patients.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in case-control studies that eating a lot of fish compared to little, the chances of getting liver cancer are not significantly by 21% [RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.59-1.06] reduced.

The researchers found in cohort studies that eating a lot of fish compared to little, the chances of getting liver cancer significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70-0.96] reduced.

The researchers found when all studies were combined, that eating a lot of fish compared to little, the chances of getting liver cancer significantly with 18% [RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71-0.94, I2 = 12.8%, p = 0.33] reduced.

The researchers found that the reduced risk remained significant in both stratified as sensitivity analyses.

The researchers found that 1 serving of fish per week the chance of getting leverkaner significantly with 6% [RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91-0.98, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.74] reduced.

The researchers concluded that eating 1 serving (100 grams) of fish per week reduced the chances of getting liver cancer.

Original title:
Fish intake and risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis by Huang RX, Duan YY and Hu Yes.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4304705/

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on the occurrence of cancer and fish consumption.

Research Question:
Eating vitamins lowers the chances of getting colon cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 74 articles (cohort studies).

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found the highest folate intake via diet compared with the lowest intake, a significantly reduced risk of 12% [multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81-0.95] for colon cancer.

The researchers found the highest vitamin D intake through diet compared with the lowest intake, a significantly reduced risk of 13% [multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.77-0.99] for colon cancer.

The researchers found the highest vitamin B6 intake via diet compared with the lowest intake, a significantly reduced risk of 12% [multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79-0.99] for colon cancer.

The researchers found the highest vitamin B2 intake via diet compared with the lowest intake, a significantly reduced risk of 14% [multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76-0.97] for colon cancer.

However, the researchers found no link between vitamin A, B12, C, or E-intake via diet and the risk of getting colon cancer.

The researchers concluded that eating a lot of folic acid, vitamin D, B6 and B2 the chance of getting colon cancer reduced.

Original title:
Vitamin and multiple-vitamin supplement intake and incidence of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies by Liu Y, Yu Q, [...], Li k.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25491145

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on colon cancer and vitamins.
This meal contains a lot of vitamin D and B6.