Voeding en gezondheid

Research Question:
Lowers eating flavonoids chances of getting heart disease?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 170 Rcts with 6557 participants.
The study duration ranged from several hours up to 52 weeks.
54% of the studies was cross-over.
The average study size ranged from 14-27 participants.
There was heterogeneity.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that the acute eating chocolate or cocoa (70-177 mg epicatechin daily for 90-149 minutes) the flow-mediated dilation (flow-mediated dilatation, FMD) significantly with 3.99% [95% CI = 2.86-5.12, P heterogeneity = 0.1, I2 = 46%, 6 studies] increased.
Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that chronic food (consumption of more than 2 weeks) of chocolate or cocoa the flow-mediated dilation significantly with 1.45% [95% CI = 0.62-2.28, no significant heterogeneity, 2 studies] increased.

The researchers found that chronic food (consumption over 2 weeks) of chocolate or cocoa 5.88 mmHg systolic blood pressure significantly with [95% CI =-9.55 to-2.21, P for heterogeneity = 0.0003, I2 = 81%, 5 studies] reduced.

The researchers found that chronic food (consumption over 2 weeks) of chocolate or cocoa the diastolic blood pressure significantly with 3.30 mmHg [95% CI =-5.77 to-0.83, P = 0.009 for heterogeneity, I2 = 70%, 4 studies] reduced.

The researchers found that eating soy protein isolate during 4-24 weeks the diastolic blood pressure significantly with 1.99 mmHg [95% CI =-2.86 to-1.12, P for heterogeneity = 0.4, I2 = 6%, 9 studies] reduced.

The researchers found that eating soy protein isolate during 4-24 weeks the LDL-cholesterol levels significantly with 0.19 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.24 to-0.14, P = 0.03 for heterogeneity, I2 = 29%, 39 studies] reduced.

The researchers found that the acute drinking black tea 5.69 mmHg systolic blood pressure significantly with [95% CI = 1.52 to 9.86, P = 0.13 for heterogeneity, I2 = 44%, 4 studies] increased.

The researchers found that the acute drinking black tea the diastolic blood pressure significantly with 2.56 mmHg [95% CI = 1.03 to 4.10, P = 0.57 for heterogeneity, I2 = 0%, 4 studies] increased.

The researchers found that drinking green tea the LDL-cholesterol levels significantly with 0.23 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.34 to-0.12, P for heterogeneity = 0.62, I2 = 0%, 4 studies] reduced.

The researchers concluded that both the acute and chronic eating chocolate the flow-mediated dilation and increased blood pressure lowered, eating soy protein isolate the diastolic blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol levels lowered and drinking green tea reduced the LDL-cholesterol levels.

Original title:
Flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Hooper L, Crown PA, [...], Cassidy a.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18614722

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read more about flavonoids.
Read more about heterogeneity, I2 and significance.
Read more about heart disease.

Soy protein isolate (does not occur in foods for) is extracted from soybeans. A typical soy protein isolate is 100% vegetable and consists for 85%-90% from protein.

The EFSA concludes that there is a causal link between the consumption of cocoa flavanols and maintaining good blood circulation. To the claimed health effect would be a healthy adult 2.5 grams of cocoa powder with high flavanolenconcentratie or 10 grams of high-flavanolhoudende have to eat dark chocolate.
Only approved health claims may in 2013 of the EFSA on the packaging of European food and beverages and nutritional supplements

Drinking green tea lowers the risk of getting stomach cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 3 case-control studies, cohort studies 8.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found no preventive effect of drinking green tea for stomach cancer.

But the hazard ratio found in 6 cohort studies in women who drank 5 or more cups of green tea a day, was 0.79 [95% CI = 0.65-0.96]. In other words, women who drank 5 or more cups of green tea a day, ran significant 21% less chance of getting stomach cancer than women who do not have green tea drunk.
Case-control studies also showed consistent a weak inverse association between drinking green tea and the risk of getting stomach cancer in women.

The researchers concluded that drinking 5 or more cups of green tea per day the risk of getting stomach cancer in women did decrease. However, the epidemiological evidence is still insufficient to be able to show any association in men.

Original title:
Green Tea Consumption and Gastric Cancer Risk: An Evaluation Based on a Systematic Review or an epidemiological Evidence Among the Japanese Population by Sasazuki S, Tamakoshi A, [...], Tsugane S.

Link:
http://jjco.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/335.short

Additional information about El Mondo:
The protective effect of green tea against stomach cancer in women is found in an overview article of cohort studies. But an overview article of cohort studies cannot prove a causal link between green tea and stomach cancer. An overview article of cohort studies can only answer the question: "should I adjust my diet?" give.
However it can not answer the question: "Is swallowing green tea supplements against stomach cancer make sense?" give. In order to answer this question, it should be found a protective effect in an overview article of Rcts. Only Rcts can demonstrate a causal link and when swallowing of food supplements should be a causal relationship are present.

Research Question:
Drinking green tea lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 20 Rcts with 1536 participants.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that drinking green tea mmHg systolic blood pressure significantly with 1.94 [95% CI =-2.95 to-0.93, p = 0.0002, I2 = 8%] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea total cholesterol significantly with 0.13 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.2 to-0.07, p = 0.0001, 8% I2 ] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea the LDL cholesterol levels significantly with 0.19 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.3 to-0.09, p = 70%, I2 0.0004] reduced.

The researchers concluded that drinking green tea the systolic blood pressure (systolic blood pressure) and cholesterol levels (total and LDL) reduced.

Original title:
The effect of green tea on blood pressure and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials by Onakpoyaa I, Spencera E, [...], Thompsona M.

Link:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939475314000477

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on green tea and cholesterol.

Drinking green tea lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 13 Rcts.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that drinking green tea the systolic blood pressure (systolic blood pressure) significantly with 2.08 mmHg [95% CI =-3.06 to-1.05] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea the diastolic blood pressure (underpressure) significantly with 1.71 mmHg [95% CI =-2.86 to-0.56] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea total cholesterol significantly with 0.15 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.27 to-0.02] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea the LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) significantly with 0.16 mmol/L [95% CI =-0.22 to-0.09] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analyses (to get more information) a larger reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in participants with an average baseline systolic blood pressure of ≥ 130 mmHg and in studies where green tea as extract was given.

The researchers concluded that drinking green tea (especially if extract or green tea catecinen) the blood pressure and cholesterol levels (especially in people with elevated blood pressure) reduced.

Original title:
Green tea catechins and blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Khalesi S, Sun J, [...], Khosravi-Boroujeni H.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24861099

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on drinking green tea.

Drinking green tea improves the glycemic control?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 22 Rcts with 1584 participants. There was found no heterogeneity for the insulin levels, blood glucose levels, the sober sober the HbA1c value or the HOMA-IR-value.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that drinking green tea catechins with or without caffeine the sober blood sugar significantly with 1.48 mg/dL [95% CI =-2.57 to-0.40 mg/dL] reduced. Significant is, there is a link at a 95% reliability. The lowering effect on the empty blood sugar was found after 12 weeks.

The researchers found that drinking green tea catechins with or without caffeine the sober insulin levels non-significant with 0.04 μU/mL [95% CI 0.36 to 0.45 μU/mL = −] increased. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that drinking green tea catechins with or without caffeine the HbA1c value non-significant with 0.04% [95% CI = − 0.15% to 0.08%] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking green tea catechins with or without caffeine the HOMA-IR-value (the degree of insulin resistance) non-significantly with 0.05 [95% CI = − 0.37 to 0.26] reduced.

On the basis of the found results the researchers concluded that after 12 weeks drinking green tea with or without caffeine the sober blood sugar reduced.

Original title:
Effects of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on glycemic control in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Zheng XIE, Xu YL, [...], Huang XH.

Link:
http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/97/4/750.abstract

Additional information about El Mondo:
Diabetics have an increased fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, fasting insulin levels increased high-and HOMA-IR-value. Problems with the eyes, limbs or kidneys with diabetics is the result of a sober for years, increased blood sugar.

Study Design:
This overview article contained 19 studies with 4675 mouth cancer patients.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that drinking lots of tea compared to little, the chance of getting oral cancer significantly with 15% [95% CI = 0.779-0.934] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that drinking a lot of green tea compared to little, the chance of getting oral cancer significantly with 20% [95% CI = 0.673-0.947] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analysis that drinking lots of black tea compared to little, the chance of getting oral cancer non-significant with 5% [95% CI = 0.792-1,146] reduced. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The associations were found both among Asian and Caucasian population.

The researchers concluded that drinking a lot of green tea reduced the chance of getting oral cancer.

Original title:
Association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer: A meta-analysis by W W, Yangb Y, [...], Wuc W.

Link:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837513008026

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on drinking tea.

Drinking coffee lowers the chances of getting uterine cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 10 case-control studies and cohort studies 6. This overview article contained 6628 people with uterine cancer.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that compared with the lowest coffee consumption, the highest coffee consumption the chance of getting uterine cancer significantly with 29% reduced [pooled RR was 0.71, 95% CI = 0.62-0.81, p = 0.13 for heterogeneity].

The pooled RR of the highest compared with the lowest coffee consumption for case-control studies was 0.69 [95% CI = 0.55-0.87], for cohort studies was 0.70 [95% CI = 0.61-0.80], for 3 Japanese studies was 0.40 [95% CI = 0.25-0.63], for 5 studies in the us/Canada was 0.69 [95% CI = 0.60-0.79], for 8 studies in Europe was 0.79 [95% CI = 0.63-0.99].

The researchers found that every increase of 1 cup of coffee a day the risk of getting uterine cancer significantly with 8% [pooled RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.90-0.95] did decrease. Significant is, there can be said with 95% reliability that drinking 1 cup of coffee a day really the chance of getting uterine cancer reduced by 8%.

The researchers concluded that an increased intake of coffee reduced the risk of getting uterine cancer, cohort and case-control studies consistently observed for. More large studies are needed to determine sub-groups in order to obtain benefits from drinking coffee in the relation to the risk of getting uterine cancer.

Original title:
Coffee consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: Findings from a large up-to-date meta-analysis by your Y and Giovannucci E.

Link:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.27408/abstract?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false

Additional information about El Mondo:
Uterus cancer develops in the majority of cases in the lining (endometrium) that covered the inside of the uterus. The most common symptom of uterine cancer in women who have already had, the transition is unusual vaginal bleeding.

Uterine cancer is most common in women between 55-65 years and rarely in women under 45 years.
Uterine cancer is related to exposure to a higher content of the sex hormone oestrogen than normal.

Study Design:
This overview article contained 36 studies with 1279804 participants, of which 36352 people with heart disease.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found a non-linear relationship between drinking coffee and getting heart disease [p for heterogeneity = 0.09, p for trend 0.001, p for non-linear 0.001].

The researchers found that drinking 5 cups a day compared with no consumption, the chance of getting heart disease not significant with 5% [95% CI = 0.87-1.03] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking 3.5 cups of coffee per day vergelekenk with no consumption, the chance of getting heart disease significantly with 15% [95% CI = 0.80-0.90] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking 1.5 cups of coffee per day vergelekenk with no consumption, the chance of getting heart disease significantly with 11% [95% CI = 0.84-0.94] reduced.

The researchers concluded that drinking 3 to 5 cups of coffee per day the chance of getting heart disease non-linear reduced. At more than 5 cups of coffee a day took the chance of getting heart disease not matter.

Original title:
Long-term Coffee Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and a Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies by Thing M, Bhupathiraju SN, [...], Hu FB.

Link:
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2013/11/07/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005925.abstract

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on coffee.

Caffeine intake lowers the chances of getting atrial fibrillation?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 6 prospective cohort studies with 228465 participants.  

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that caffeine intake the chances of getting non-atrial fibrillation significantly with 10% [RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.81-1.01, p = 0.07, I2 = 73%] reduced.

The researchers found in the subgroup analyses in which was corrected for potential confounders, a significant, lowered risk of 11% [RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80-0.99, p = 0.032, I2 = 30.9%, p = 0.227] at a low and 16% [RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75-0.94, p = 0.002, I2 = 24.1%, p = 0.267] at a high caffeine intake. 

The researchers found that every increase of 300 mg of caffeine per day, the chances of getting atrial fibrillation significantly with 6% [RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99] reduced.

The researchers concluded that every 300 mg of caffeine per day reduced the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Original title:
Caffeine intake and atrial fibrillation incidence: Dose response Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Cheng M, Hu Z, [...], Gu D.

Link:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X13017613

Additional information about El Mondo:
Atrial fibrillation or atrial fibrillation, is a heart rhythm disorder in which the atria (atria) of the heart no longer like normal quiet and regular contract but way too fast and irregular contract. Atrial fibrillation is an annoying, but not directly life-threatening heart rhythm disorder. Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder. This heart rhythm disorder is more common in men than in women. With increasing age the risk of atrial fibrillation, especially after the seventieth year.

Find here more studies on Caffeine-consumption.

• Coffee is probably the first time by the Ethiopian province of Kaffa in the man noted in East Africa, where it is called bunchum, bunn or buna what "bean" means.
• Coffee is made from coffee beans, the seeds of the coffee tree.
• During roasting the coffee beans-also called called burning-born about 700 different chemicals.
• Coffee that is sold, is usually a mixture of roasted seeds of two coffee species: Coffea arabica (about 75% of world production) and Coffea robusta (Coffea canephora).
• Robustabonen contain more caffeine (2-2.5%) than the Arabica beans (0.8-1.3%). It is also chlorogeenzuurgehalte higher.   
• The taste of Robustakoffie is spicier and more bitter than Arabica coffee.
• Each has its own flavor, aroma and mixture tea caffeine content.
• Coffee quickly loses its aroma and taste, hence that coffee should be preferably packed airtight.
• A cup of coffee contains 80-120 mg of caffeine.
• The caffeine content of decaffeinated coffee is lower than 0.1%.
• Pure caffeine has a bitter taste and is odourless.  The typical aroma of coffee is not caused by caffeine.
• The duration of taking approximately 1 hour before the peak concentration of caffeine in the blood is achieved.
  The opinion is therefore to consume caffeine to 1 hour before the effort.
• 2-3 hours after taking caffeine is the operation the largest. However, caffeine starts to work 5-10 minutes after ingestion.
  Is within 3 hours again caffeine ingested cumulation can occur.
• After about 4 hours, half of the recorded caffeine from the body.
  In smokers this process two times faster and in a pregnant woman duration much longer.
• Caffeine can pass through the placenta to the fetus and thus be given during pregnancy.
• Drinking during pregnancy does not exceed 200-300 mg of caffeine per day.
• Drinking while breastfeeding no more than 3 cups of coffee or 3 cups of tea per day. 300 mg of caffeine a day or more can make the baby restless.
• Chlorogenic acid caused the sour taste of coffee.
• Tea is made from dried leaves of the tea plant.
• Caffeine in tea is called theine. Caffeine in tea has a less stimulating effect than in coffee.
• White and green tea are both ongefermenteerd and contain more antioxidants than black tea.
• Black tea contains more caffeine than green and white tea.
• Black tea contains an average of 40 mg of caffeine in a cup of 125 ml. Green tea contains no caffeine about half while herbal tea.
• Fruit-flavoured tea or other flavours contain almost all black tea.
• Adults who are sensitive to caffeine are recommended to limit it to about 400 mg of caffeine per day. That works out to about 10 cups (black) tea.
• A dosage of 2-3 mg (up to 5 mg) per kg body weight has a positive effect on the duration performance.
• Coffee stimulates the production of stomach acid, which can cause stomach complaints to patients.
• The EFSA eight scientifically proven that 75 mg caffeine improves alertness or more at a time.
• 5 mg of caffeine per kg of body weight can cause behavioral problems in children.
• The FDA has the safe upper limit of caffeine on 400 mg per day fixed.
• In high dosages (> 400 mg of caffeine per day) can caffeine to increased heart rate, nausea, dizziness, insomnia, trilllen, headaches and nervous lead.

Scientific studies on coffee, tea and/or caffeine:

• 300 mg of caffeine per day lowers atrial fibrillation
• 3 cups of coffee a day reduce fatal prostate cancer
• 3 to 5 cups of coffee a day lowers heart disease non-linear
• 1-6 cups of coffee a day reduce diabetes type 2 
• Coffee lowers risk of diabetes type 2
• Coffee lowers the chances of getting uterine cancer
• Many green tea lowers oral cancer
• 12 weeks or more green tea lowers blood sugar levels the sober
• Green tea lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels
• Green tea lowers blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol levels
• Green tea lowers the bad cholesterol
• Green tea lowers stomach cancer in women
• Black tea reduces bladder cancer among women
• Eating flavonoids lowers blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol levels

Drinking alcohol increases the chance of getting brain cancer?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 19 epidemiological studies.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in a pooled analysis of 12 studies that alcohol consumption compared with no alcohol consumption, the chance of getting brain cancer non-significant with 3% [95% CI = 0.82-1.15] reduced. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found in a pooled analysis that drinking less than 2 drinks per day compared to without alcohol consumption, the chance of getting brain cancer non-significant with 1% [95% CI = 0.81-1.25] increased. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found in a pooled analysis that drinking more than 2 drinks per day compared to without alcohol consumption, the chance of getting brain cancer non-significant with 35% [95% CI = 0.85-2.15] increased. Non-significant is, there cannot be said with 95% reliability, that drinking more than 2 drinks per day the chance of getting brain cancer increased by 35%.

The subgroup-analyses (to get more information) showed that the consumption of wine compared to without consumption, the chance of getting brain cancer non-significant with 1% [95% CI = 0.70-1.48] increased.
For beer was a non-significant reduction of 4% [95% CI = 0.82-1.12] and for spiritus was a significant increase of 20% [95% CI = 1.01-1.42].

The researchers found that alcohol consumption compared with no alcohol consumption, the chance of getting glioma non-significant with 7% [95% CI = 0.81-1.07] reduced.

The researchers found that alcohol consumption compared with no alcohol consumption, the chance of getting Meningioma non-significant 29% [95% CI = 0.45-1.12] reduced.

The researchers concluded that drinking alcohol, except for spiritus the chance of getting brain cancer not increased.

Original title:
A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and the risk of brain tumours by Galeone C, Malerba S, [...], Pelucchi C.

Link:
http://annonc.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/2/514.short

Additional information about El Mondo:
The two malignant brain tumors are glioma and Meningioma. Brain cancer can arise from malignant brain tumors.

The low grade glioma mainly occurs in people between 20 and 40 years. The high-grade glioma occurs mainly in people over 40 years. A Meningioma occurs most frequently in people over 40 years.

Read more about alcohol in the presentation flavonoids.

Study Design:
This overview article contained 84 prospective cohort studies with an average follow-up period of 11 years (2.5 to 35 years). 15% of the studies had a follow-up duration of 5 years or shorter. 40% of these 84 studies were studies with only men, 7% with only women and 52% with both men and women in it.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found in 21 studies that drinking alcohol compared with not drinking, the chances of death to cardiovascular diseases significantly with reduced 25% [95% CI = 0.70-0.80]. Significant is, there can be with 95% reliability said that drinking alcohol the chance of death to cardiovascular diseases reduced by 25%.

The researchers found that drinking alcohol in 10 studies compared with not drinking, the chances of dying from stroke non-significant increased by 6% [95% CI = 0.91-1.23]. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found that drinking alcohol in 31 studies compared with not drinking, the risk of dying from coronary heart diseases significantly reduced by 25% [95% CI = 0.68-0.81].

In dose-dependent analyses, the researchers found that the risk of dying from coronary heart diseases was the lowest at 1-2 glasses a day and for the risk of dying from stroke was that at the 1 glass or less per day.

In the secondary analyses of 84 studies researchers found that drinking alcohol compared with not drinking, the chance to die to all causes (all-cause-mortality) significantly with 13% [95% CI = 0.83-0.92] reduced.

In the secondary analyses of 8 studies the researchers found that drinking more than 60 grams of alcohol per day the chance to die of all causes (all-cause-mortality) significantly with 30% [95% CI = 1.22-1.38] increased.

The researchers concluded that drinking 2.5-14.9 grams of alcohol per day (about 1 drink per day) the chance of getting heart disease with 14-25% reduced.

Original title:
Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Brien Ronksley PE, SE, [...], Ghali WA.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3043109/pdf/bmj.d671.pdf

Additional information about El Mondo:
Read more about alcohol in the presentation flavonoids.

Study Design:
This overview article contained 16 prospective cohort studies with 193752 33904 men and women. The average follow-up period was 7.6 years for women and 9.8 years for men.

Results and conclusions:
The meta-analysis showed that men who drank less than 10 grams of alcohol a day, ran non-significant 3% [0.94-1.13, p = 0.51] more chances of getting hypertension than men who drank no alcohol. Non-significant is, no link at 95% reliability but a trend.

The meta-analysis showed that men who are 11 to 20 grams of alcohol per day drunk, ran non-significant 15% [0.99-1.33, p = 0.06] more chances of getting hypertension than men who drank no alcohol. Non-significant is, no link at 95% reliability but a trend.

The meta-analysis showed that men who 31 to 40 grams of alcohol per day drunk, ran significantly 77% [1.39-2.26, p 0.001] more chances of getting hypertension than men who drank no alcohol. Significant is, there is a link at 95% reliability.

The meta-analysis showed that men who drank more than 50 grams of alcohol a day, ran significant 61% [1.38-1.87, p 0.001] more chances of getting hypertension than men who drank no alcohol. Significant is, there is a link at 95% reliability.

The meta-analysis showed that women who drank less than 10 grams of alcohol a day, ran significant 13% [0.82-0.92, p 0.001] less chance of getting hypertension than women who drank no alcohol. Significant is, there is a link at 95% reliability.

The meta-analysis showed that women who are 11 to 20 grams of alcohol per day drunk, ran non-significant 10% [0.87-1.04, p = 0.17] less chance of getting hypertension than women who drank no alcohol.

The meta-analysis showed that women who are 21 to 30 grams of alcohol per day drunk, ran non-significant 16% [0.91-1.46, p = 0.23] more chances of getting hypertension than women who drank no alcohol.

The meta-analysis showed that women who 31 to 40 grams of alcohol per day drunk, ran significant 19% [1.07-1.32, p = 0.002] more chances of getting hypertension than women who drank no alcohol.

The researchers concluded that heavy alcohol use the chances of getting hypertension in men increased while there is a trend of an increased risk of getting hypertension at low and moderate alcohol use to spot was. In women was a J-curve found between drinking alcohol and hypertension.
The researchers concluded that a moderate alcohol use should be recommended for both men and women.

Original title:
Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Hypertension in Men and Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Briasoulis A, Agarwal V and Messerli, FH.

Link:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jch.12008/pdf

Additional information about El Mondo:
A standard glass alcoholic beverage contains 10 grams of alcohol.

Drinking alcohol reduces the chance of getting multiple myeloma?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 8 10 case-control and cohort studies with a total of 5694 patients with multiple myeloma.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that drinking alcohol the chance of getting multiple myeloma with non-significant 3% [95% CI = 0.85-1.10] reduced. Non-significant is, there is no link to a 95% reliability.

The researchers found in case-control studies that drinking alcohol the chance of getting multiple myeloma non-significant 4% [95% CI = 0.74-1.24] reduced.

The researchers found in cohort studies no association between drinking alcohol and getting multiple myeloma [RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.89-1.13].

The researchers found that drinking 1 glass of alcohol or less per day, the chances of getting multiple myeloma non-significant 4% [95% CI = 0.81-1.13] reduced.

The researchers found that drinking more than 1 glass of alcohol a day, the chances of getting multiple myeloma non-significant 11% [95% CI = 0.74-1.07] reduced.

The researchers concluded that there is no link between drinking alcohol and getting multiple myeloma.

Original title:
Alcohol drinking and multiple myeloma risk-a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dose-risk relationship by Rota M, Porta L, [...], La Vecchia c.

Link:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24469244

Additional information about El Mondo:
Kahler's disease (multiple myeloma) is rare and in the Netherlands is about 770 times a year made multiple myeloma diagnosis. It comes to only one percent of all new cancer patients. The disease does not occur in children but it is typically a disease of older adults. Half of the patients is older than 65 years and the disease occurs as often in women as in men for.

Find here more studies on alcohol consumption.

What are the risk factors of pancreatic diseases?

Study Design:
This overview article contained 51 population-based studies (prospective cohort studies) with more than 3 million participants, of which more than 11 thousand patients with pancreatic disease.

Results and conclusions:
The researchers found that tobacco consumption the chance of getting pancreatic diseases significantly with 87% [RR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.54-2.27] increased.

The researchers found that being overweight the chance of getting pancreatic diseases significantly with 48% [RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.15-1.92] increased.

The researchers found that an excessive alcohol consumption the chance of getting pancreatic diseases significantly with 37% [RR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.19-1.58] increased.

The researchers found that both tobacco consumption as an excessive alcohol consumption had a greater effect on acute/chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) than on pancreatic cancer.

The researchers found that eating vegetables, the chance of getting pancreatic diseases significantly with 29% [RR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57-0.88] reduced.

The researchers found that eating fruit, the chance of getting pancreatic diseases significantly with 27% [RR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.60-0.90] reduced.

The researchers concluded that tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption and having overweight increased the chance of getting pancreatic diseases while eating fruits and vegetables is precisely the chance of getting pancreatic diseases reduced. Prevention strategies for acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer should keep these factors in mind.

Original title:
Factors That Affect Risk for Pancreatic Disease in the General Population: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies by Alsamarrai A, Das SLM, [...], Petro MS.

Link:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356514001839

Additional information about El Mondo:
Find here more studies on alcohol consumption.